How to prevent hepatitis B?

Vaccine should be taken to pick and cut off the main route of transmission balanced focus on a comprehensive measure. 1. Hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) Application HBsAg carriers in the current widespread source of infection management are very difficult circumstances, control and prevention of hepatitis B, a key measure is prevention of hepatitis B vaccine. Of hepatitis B vaccination in China has been included in planned immunization, in addition to the following groups are also indications for hepatitis B vaccination:
① HBsAg-positive, especially in HBeAg-positive mothers of newborns at the same time;
② a high incidence of hepatitis B for children under 3 years of age;
③ medical staff, contact with blood of persons;
④ number of interviews for patients with blood transfusion and blood products;
⑤ HBsAg-positive family members, especially spouses, who is afflicted with acute or chronic illness or formalin and antibacterial agent banned thimerosal allergy.
1. Vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine immunization doses vary from our applications and procedures; ① HBsAg-positive pregnant women, newborns with 30μg immunization 3 pin; ② HBsAg-negative pregnant women, newborns No. 1 pin for the 30μg, the first 2,3 pin each for 10μg; ③ high-risk populations, such as kidney dialysis patients and other professional persons in close contact with the hepatitis B immunization with 20μg pin 3; ④ other general susceptible populations (including children, adults) 10μg immunization 3 pin. On immunization according 0,1,6 above procedure, but the first one needle newborns should be vaccinated within 24 hours after birth, the immune better. Is also useful on immunization procedures are 0,1,2. At present, many advocates of high-risk groups (in particular, HBsAg-positive, while HBcAg-positive pregnant women, newborns; accident affected by HBV infection, if they are HBsAg-positive blood contaminated needle stick injuries or HBsAg positive blood splashing into eyes or oral mucosa or conjunctiva HBsAg-positive blood type , scalpel damage the skin, etc.), the general should be immediately (24 hours) intramuscular injection of hepatitis B immune globulin. If HBIG per ml of anti-HBs200IU above injectable 0.5 ~ 0.7ml/kg. The current domestic production of HBIG, whose anti-HBs levels per ml of 60 ~ 160IU (the majority of 100IU), so the dosage of 0.075 ~ 0.2ml/kg (according to different content may be). In order to enable the in vivo dose of anti-HBs over 100mIU/ml The above degrees (protective effect). After the injection of HBIG should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine 3-pin, 1 needle 30μg, first of all 2,3-needle 10μg, press 0,1,6 on procedures for vaccination. Hepatitis B vaccine arm deltoid intramuscular injection site more suitable. Hepatitis B vaccine side effects are very light, mostly for local pain, occasional redness or induration, may have fever, fatigue persons. 38℃者1.8%，0.5/10)。" onmouseout="this.style.backgroundColor='#fff'">> 38 ℃ were 1.8%, a rare cause Guillain - Barre syndrome (0.5/10 million). On strengthening the injection issues, disagreements. Because vaccination antibody can be maintained after the 3-pin 3 to 5 years, if the determination of anti-HBs ≤ 10mIU/ml, to strengthen a time (10 or 20μg), the event of the following conditions should be the strengthening of immunization: such as high-risk groups, including medical personnel, in particular, is a blood dialysis workers; those who receive frequent blood products; spouse a party for the HBcAg-positive persons, including the other injected vaccines. 2. Hepatitis B vaccine with other vaccines such as DPT, BCG, measles vaccine, polio vaccine and other immunization products of any kind of co-immunization, no significant interference effect. After hepatitis B vaccination, 5% ~ 15% vaccinated had no response, do not produce anti-HBs. Is currently a hot research. No immune response was mainly in the HBsAg in pregnant women, newborns. Maternal serum HBV-DNA level is high, is the main cause of immune failure. While others believe that non-responders had HBV infection. Whether the HBV mutant strain is related to be studied. 2. Cut off the transmission Focus on preventing transmission through blood and body fluids. Measures: ① syringes, needles, acupuncture needles, blood collection needles, etc. should be high-pressure steam sterilized or boiled 20min; ② immunization or injection of drugs to a person a pin a cylinder, using a time of syringes; ③ strict screening and management of blood donors , using sensitive detection methods; ④ strictly controlled blood transfusion and blood products, indications; ⑤ utensils, wash utensils scraping surface-specific; ⑥ contact with hand-washing with soap and water; ⑦ HBsAg carriers can not engage in the catering industry, food processing, water management and the preschool sector.